Repeat moving chairs only after completing the time allotted for the discussion of the questions. The court at trial and the Texas Court of Appeals.)Ĭontinuing moving to the right, taking two to three minutes to discuss the following questions. Then, with this new partner, take two minutes to discuss: What issue did Hernandez raise before the Court? With which courts had Hernandez raised this issue before? (People of Mexican descent were being excluded from juries in his county. If you are sitting on the inside circle, you remain seated in the same place. You’re going to do a carousel discussion, which means if you are sitting on the outside circle, you will move to the right when the time is up. How do “fix up” strategies help you as a reader?Ħ. Working with your new partner, take three minutes to discuss: Were there any particular passages or vocabulary that remained difficult for you even after using “fix up” strategies? Explain. To prepare for a carousel discussion, arrange the chairs in the room so that they’re in two circles, chairs facing each other, and take a seat across from someone who was not your previous partner. (Note: share the lesson framework and overview, above, with students at this point, and then distribute the handout.) Find a new partner, review the reading strategies on Slide 5 and then complete the handout of the Court Ruling.ĥ. With your partner, look at Slide 4 and respond to: Was this what you expected to see? Why or why not? Share your thoughts with the class.Ĥ. Whom do you think the sign was meant to exclude?ģ.During what era in our nation’s history do you think this sign was posted?. (If businesses are allowed to exclude particular groups, all groups aren’t enjoying equal protection.) How do signs like this one contradict the spirit of the Fourteenth Amendment?.With your partner, look at Slide 3 and respond to these questions: What did you learn? (The section defines citizenship and protects citizens’ equal rights.)Ģ. How is your partner’s response similar/different than yours? Now, compare your responses with the actual text of Section 1 of the Amendment on Slide 2. Then, with a partner, share your responses. Individually, predict what you think the first part of the Fourteenth Amendment says or guarantees? Write down your prediction. Prima facie (adjective/adverb) Means “on the face of it” or “at first sight.”įreeholders (noun) People who own land with the right to pass it on through inheritance.ġ. Petit jury (noun) Hears the evidence presented by both sides at trial and determines the facts in dispute. Grand jury (noun) A panel of citizens that is convened by a court to decide whether it is appropriate for the government to indict (proceed with a prosecution against) someone suspected of a crime. Jury commissioners (noun) Public officials who choose the names of prospective jury members or select the list of jurors for a particular term in court. Writ of Certiorari (noun) A decision by the Supreme Court that it will hear an appeal from a lower court.Ī petitioner (noun) someone who presents a formal, written application to a court requesting action on a certain matter.Ī motion (noun) A written or oral application made to a court or judge to obtain a ruling or order. In this ruling, the Court summarily rejected claims that discrimination could or should be defined solely in black-white terms.Įqual Protection (noun) The right of all persons to be treated equally by the government. The principle is stated in the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution: "No State shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." This is referred to as the “Equal Protection Clause.” It was a path-breaking decision, in part, because of the Amendment’s history.Īdopted during the Reconstruction era, the Fourteenth Amendment was purposefully written to counteract Dred Scott, an early Supreme Court ruling that denied citizenship and Constitutional rights to slaves and their descendants, to African Americans. The Court concluded that, although Latinos were considered “white” under Jim Crow regimes, they were covered by the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. Texas, the Court recognized that Latinos were subject to discrimination based on their ethnicity. Two weeks before Brown, however, the Court did something nearly as momentous. Board of Education decision, which led to the demise of state-mandated segregation in schools and, ultimately, our society. When we think about 1954 and the Supreme Court, we’re likely to think of the Brown v.
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